1. 1. stone block

What is a stone block?

Block stone, which is also called block stone, is the same raw stone that is extracted from mines and hard mountains using special machines, and after being transferred to masonry factories and processing operations, it is in the form of tiles or slabs. Beautiful products are offered to the market.

All types of granite, travertine, marble and all stones used in various construction projects are raw when extracted from the mine and cannot be used without processing.

For this reason, mineral stones are cut in the form of large pieces of stone, so that they can be processed and produced in the desired sizes after being transferred to the stone-cutting factories.

Different types of granite blocke, marble blocke, travertine blocke stone, etc. are classified and differentiated based on health, dimensions and quality, and different methods and tools are used for cutting depending on their material.

The size of Block stone is not fixed and it is cut to desired dimensions in the mine based on the order and need. block stones are usually cut using chain saws or advanced stone cutting machines and transported to stone quarrying factories.

In general, blocke stones are divided into several major categories in the stone market:

• Single blocke

• Two blockes

• Three blockes

Single block stone:

Single Block stones are known for first-class products and the largest dimensions of Block belong to this category.

• Very high quality

• A lot of variety and color harmony

• No cracks

• large scale

All of them are the characteristic features of single block stones, which make them the best option for slab stone production.

The single blocks are cut into hexagons and are extracted with a weight of more than 20 tons and transported individually by trolley. Of course, the weight of the block depends on the market and the type of stone. For example, marble stones even with a weight of 500 kg are considered blockes.

Single cups are always more valuable, and the more beautiful and high-quality the stones are, the more attractive they are to stone-cutting factories, because they can be used to produce high-quality slab stones with larger dimensions.

Two blockes stone:

The dimensions of the double cup stone are smaller than the single cup stone. As it is clear from the name of this product, it consists of two blocke stones. In fact, a halved single cup stone is called a double cup. Double cup stones are usually cut in the shape of a rectangular cube, but they may not have a regular shape.

Three blocks stone:

The dimensions of single cup stone, if it is divided into three parts, it forms a three cup stone and its weight is much less compared to the two introduced stones (single cup and double cup). Se Block stone is placed in the category of third grade products in this category.

In addition to these three categories, stones that are smaller than three cups are called rubble. Carcass stones do not have a special geometric shape and are used completely natural and without cutting. Usually, rubble stone is used in constructions instead of cement and blocks. Since they are very strong, heavy and affordable, they are very suitable for road construction and construction.

How to extract and cut Block stone:

Block  stone extraction technology and cutting methods are one of the determining factors in the price and economic efficiency of stones.

Among the factors influencing the choice of the appropriate extraction method of Blockp stone, the following can be mentioned:

• Geological features

• Knowing the type of stone

• Knowing the physical and mechanical properties of stone

• Amount of ore reserves and economic justification

• The possibility of using rubble

• Quality or rarity of building stone

In recent years, gunpowder and blasting methods were used to extract copper from the mine. As a result of the explosion, parts were separated from the heart of the mountain, which were usually irregular and scattered. For this reason, the dimensions of most building stones were small, as you can see in the facade of old buildings.

But today, according to the law prohibiting the use of explosives, saws or diamond cutting wire and expanding chemicals are usually used to cut Block stone. The use of wire cutting technology has become popular not only in Iran but also in most mines of the world and is preferable to other cutting techniques.

Of course, the type of stone as well as the shape of the stone (regular or irregular shape of the cup) has an effect on the use of cutting tools. For example, stronger tools such as steel and cast iron chips are used to cut hard stones such as granite, and this is one of the reasons for the increase in the price of granite.

block stones, which have a regular geometric shape, are usually cut with a saw and turned into slabs.

For cup stones with irregular shapes and stones that cannot be cut with a saw, they use a chisel and cut them into tiles or stone ingots and square tiles with dimensions of 30×30, 40×40, 50. They convert 50*60, 60*60 and 80*80.

In addition to the mentioned methods, there are many other methods such as cutting by water or waterjet, laser, flame, etc., which are popular and widely used in stone extraction due to reasons such as high cost, lack of equipment, adverse effect on the Blockp stone, etc. They don’t have natural ones.

At the time of examining a mine for extraction with modern mechanized methods, the ore in question must have certain characteristics to be suitable and economical for exploitation.